1. The cell membrane:

a. Is the last part of the cell to be affected by the extracellular environment.

b. separates the intracellular environment from extracellular environment.

c. cannot control the movement of substances between the intracellular and extracellular environments.

2. Imagine that you are holding a salt filled, dime sized particle in your hand. You drop that particle into a glass that contains a small amount of water. After a few seconds, you notice some of the water moving from the glass to the inside of the particle. The particle begins swelling and is now the size of a nickle. You then realize that the water moved from an area of high concentration to an area of lower concentration. You have just observed the process of: 

a. phagocytosis

b. pinocytosis

c. osmosis

d. diffusion

3. In question 2 above the water (solution) moved into the particle because the water was originally ______________ to the salt (solute) inside the particle.

a. isotonic

b. hypotonic

c. hypertonic

d. in equilibrium

4. Liver cells have very high energy requirements. Therefore, if you examine a liver cell under the microscope, you might expect to see that the cell contains.

a. many mitochondria

b . no mitochondria

c. many centrioles

d. no centrioles

5. While you are running through the house, you hit your knee on the corner of a table. The knee swells and becomes inflamed. The inflammation is a/an _______________ process. 

a. abnormal

b. infectious

c. homeostatic

d. metastatic

6. A scar that develops after surgery is an example of which type of disease process?

a. degenerative

b. Iatrogenic

c. Idiopathic

d. a scar is not a disease

7. A doctor tells his patient that a 5% chance exists that her breast cancer will recur. This prediction is a/an:

a. etiology

b. prognosis

c. diagnosis

d. therapy

8. You are volunteering at a road race. One of the runners has cut her finger and asks you for a band aide. You notice that some blood has dripped on the table in front of you. Another volunteer sprays a disinfectant on the area and wipes it clean to prevent possible spread of disease. This action is a/an ______________ technique.

a. sterile

b. aseptic

c. septic

d chemotherapy

9. An epidemiologist calculates the death rate from AIDs for the upcoming year. This information will give you the ____________________ rate. 

a. morbidity

b. prevalence

c. mortality 

d. incidence

10. The skin is responsible for all the following functions except:

a. maintaining normal body temperature

b. storing fat

c. synthesizing vitamin D

d. detecting sensations

11. The functions of the skeletal system include:

a. red blood cell production and maintenance of body temperature.

b. red blood cell production and storage of minerals

c. maintenance of body temperature and storage of minerals

d. maintenance of body temperature and regulation of other organ systems.

12. The basic functional unit of compact bone is the:

a. osteoblast

b. osteon

c.osteoclast

d. osteocyte

13. Bone maintence in a healthy person is a ______________ process.

a. Continuous and balanced

b. static and dynamic

c. static and balanced

d. continuous and unbalanced

14. Which one of the following bones forms a joint with another bone?

a. manubrium

b. Vertebra

c. Ischium

d.Ilium

15. A hinge joint can be found between the:

a. tarsals of the ankle

b. femur and the coxal bones

c. tibia and femur

c. humerus and the scapula

16. Which answer below best describes the functions of the muscular system?

a. produces red blood cells, stores minerals, and maintains body position.

b. Produces red blood cells, produces movement, and maintains body positions

c. Maintains body temperature, stores minerals, and maintains body position

d. Maintain body temperature, produces movement and maintains body positions.

17. Which answer below best describes the organization of the muscular system from the smallest unit to the larges?

a. sarcomere, muscle fiber, myofibril, fascile, skeletal muscle

b. sarcomere, myofibril, fascicle, muscle fiber, skeletal muscle

c.sarcomere, myofibril, muscle fiber, fascicle, skeletal muscle

d. sarcomere, fascicle, myofibril, muscle fiber, skeletal muscle

18. Pushing against a wall is an example of a/an ___________________ muscle contraction, and lifting a bag of trash is an example of a/an muscle contraction.

a. isometric, isotonic

b. isotonic, isometric

c. isotonic, hypertropic

d. hypertrophic, isotonic

19. A marathon runner will continue to perspire and breathe heavily after completion of the race because the body needs to:

a. lose generation heat and the muscle fiber's mitochondria need to restore reserves of ATP

b. lose generated heat and the nuscle fiber's mitochondria need to restore ADP

c. lose generated heat, and the muscle fiber's mitochondria need to restore reserves of lactic acid.

d. maintain generated heat and the muscle fiber's mitochondria need to restore reserves of ATP

20. What is the name extensor carpi ulnaris tell you about the function of this muscle.

a. It helps to extend the toes.

b. It helps to extend the ankle

c. It helps to extend wrist

d. It helps to bend the metacarpals

21. All communication between the central nervous system and the rest of the body occurs by the way of the ______________ nervous system.

a. autonomic

b. somatic

c. peripheral

d. sympathetic

22. _________________ are part of the afferent division of the peripheral nervous system, while ______________ are part of the efferent division.

a. motor neurons, sensory neurons

b. sensory neurons, motor neurons

c. sensory neurons, interneurons

d. interneurons, sensory neurons

23. A boy has a fear of snakes. He sees a snake and the sympathetic division of his autonomic nervous system is stimulated. Which of the following responses will his body undergo?

a. Increased heart rate and increased urine production

b. Increased respiratory rate and increased urine production

c. Constriction of the pupils and decreased urine production

d. Dilation of pupils and decreased urine production

24. The two cerebral hemispheres are interconnected by the

a. central sulcus.

b. longitudial fissure

c. choroid plexus

d. corpus callosum

25. The portion of the brain that deals with both emotional states the memory storage and retrieval is the 

a. diencephalon

b. reticular activating system

c. limbic system

d. brain stem