1. Stimuli that are placed near each other tend to be associated with each other. This is one of the principles of perceptual encoding and is known as ______________.

1. Figure and ground

2. Closure

3. Similarity

4.  Proximity

2. The ‘big five’ theory of personality contains five factors: neuroticism, extroversion, openness to experience, agreeableness and ______________.

1. Conscientiousness

2. Compliance

3. Aggression

4. Consciousness

3. The text outlines four elements necessary for learning to occur. They are, in order:

1. Cues that trigger learning, motivation to learn, a response linked to a cue and reinforcement

2. Motivation to learn, cues that trigger learning, a response linked to a cue and reinforcement

3. Unconditioned stimulus, unconditioned response, conditioned motivation and reinforcement

4. Cues that trigger learning, a response linked to a cue, motivation to learn and reinforcement

4. Consumers are likely to respond to a classical conditioning approach when ______________.

1. Perceived risks of the item are high because learning is unlikely to be mediated by much cognitive effort 

2. Products have low differentiation on objective features; for example, soap, toothpaste and snack foods

3. The price of a product is generally high

4. All of the above