1. Marie is an ideological thinker. Her arguments frequently begin with

A) data.

B) reasons.

C) evidence.

D) axioms.

2. Bruce is an ideological thinker. He considers the truth of his ideology to be

A) self-defeating.

B) non-reflexive.

C) non-functional.

D) self-evident.

3. What is the root of the word ideological?

A) Logic

B) Idea

C) Deo

D) Log

4. When Andrea encounters an idea that runs contrary to her belief system, she ignores it. What does this indicate?

A) Her beliefs are intrinsically true and should not be questioned.

B) She is a strong critical thinker in most circumstances.

C) She is unable to think critically about her own beliefs.

D) Her beliefs are less important that learning the truth.

5. "Children are fundamentally good" is an example of a(n)

A) mutable premise.

B) absolute conviction.

C) critical conclusion.

D) indisputable evidence.

6. When using ideological reasoning, argument makers frequently use ________ evidence.

A) systematic

B) scientific

C) proven

D) anecdotal

7. When engaging in ideological reasoning, the argument maker

A) must have reasons to back up the ideological premises.

B) allows experts to attempt to sway their opinion.

C) takes the ideological premises on faith.

D) uses science to convince his or her listeners.

8. Ideological reasoning is ______ and ________.

A) deductive, axiomatic

B) conclusive, logical

C) free, inconclusive

D) careful, reasoned

9. Another term for ideological reasoning is

A) side-to-side analysis.

B) idea mining.

C) conjunctive reasoning.

D) top down thinking.

10. Marcie is a proponent of Christianity. Which of the following statements is most likely to be true?

A) She believes Christianity is relevant to all domains.

B) She rejects Christianity when it is convenient.

C) She is not capable of thinking critically.

D) She is a member of the clergy.

11. Catherine is a mother and a firm and unwavering believer that children should not be vaccinated. What is one thing her belief system provides for her?

A) a strong understanding of scientific evidence

B) a leg up when it comes to critical thinking

C) a sense of belonging to a group of like-minded parents

D) an opportunity to re-evaluate her axioms

12. Mary often makes assertions that she believes are true, independent of specific circumstances. These are known as

A) circumstantial claims.

B) assertive claims.

C) metaphysical claims.

D) mutable claims.

13. Carly is a strong critical thinker. Which of the following sentences most likely describes her?

A) She is committed to her axioms, because she knows they are true.

B) She relies on one or two quotes from experts to back up her beliefs.

C) She protects herself from being committed to mistaken beliefs.

D) She uses heuristic thinking to support her long-held convictions.

14. Ideological reasoning is frequently used when discussing issues related to

A) marketing.

B) sports.

C) science.

D) ethics.

15. Which of the following statements about how the term ideological reasoning is used is accurate?

A) It refers to the way in which arguments based on ideologies are made.

B) It refers to the danger of making arguments with bad ideologies.

C) It refers to the merits of making arguments based on good ideologies.

D) It refers to the process of making decisions based on comparisons.

16. Keith is a strong critical thinker who is also an ideological thinker. When he encounters an idea that runs contrary to his belief system, he

A) turns to the experts.

B) abandons his beliefs.

C) abandons the critical thinking process.

D) reframes and modifies key terms.

17. Kaitlin is evaluating her colleague's ideological thinking. What question will she do first?

A) Is the argument non-circular?

B) Is the argument logically strong?

C) Are the reasons relevant to the claims being made?

D) Are the ideological premises true?

18. Jeremy is a strong critical thinker. He just discovered that two of his long-held beliefs contradict one another. What will he most likely do?

A) revise or abandon one of his beliefs

B) abandon both of his beliefs

C) hold strong to both of his beliefs

D) ignore the contradiction for the time being

19. What is the definition of deductive reasoning?

A) drawing an inference in which it appears that the conclusion cannot possibly be false if all of the premises are true

B) beginning with a scientific reason and working backwards to prove why it is or is not true

C) comparing an unfamiliar element to a familiar element and making a decision based on this comparison

D) using a pro and con chart to come up with reasons why one decision should be made over another

20. Ideological reasoning is a process of thinking that

A) begins with generalizations that express one's core beliefs.

B) begins with science before moving into the abstract.

C) begins with an assertion based on hours of reasoning.

D) begins with a quote from an expert.