1. Left-brained people are primarily logical and intellectual.
A) True
B) False
2. __________is produced largely by neurons in the brain stem and acts both as a neurotransmitter and as a hormone.
A) Dopamine
B) Acetylcholine
C) Norepinephrine
D) Serotonin
E) Select
3. What is the purpose of a split-brain operation?
A) To confine epileptic seizures to one hemisphere of the cerebral cortex
B) To modify the language functions of the brain
C) To enhance aesthetic and emotional responses
D) To integrate the functions of both the hemispheres of the cerebral cortex
4. A neuron has a(n) _____ that extends like a trunk from the cell body.
A) synapse
B) nucleus
C) dendrite
D) axon
5. Which of the following neurotransmitters is involved in emotional arousal and sleep?
A) Acetylcholine
B) Serotonin
C) Gamma-aminobutyric acid
D) Norepinephrine
6. Shana is a young girl who was in a bus accident a few years ago. Since her accident, Shana is only able to remember people she had met before the accident and instances from her childhood. However, she is unable to remember people she met recently or events that are currently happening in her life. She reads the same newspaper for several days without realizing that she has read it before. The accident has disabled Shana's ability to permanently store new information because she sustained an injury to her _____.
A) reticular formation
B) hippocampus
C) cerebral cortex
D) corpus callosum
7. Which of the following statements is true of instinctive behavior?
A) Instinctive behavior tends to resist modification, even when it serves no purpose.
B) Instinctive behavior varies among the members of the species in which it appears.
C) Instinctive behavior evolves only when some form of punishment is involved.
D) Instinctive behavior does not appear when an individual is reared in isolation from others of its kind.
8. Alicia was recently in a car accident. Since then, she cannot retain memories of events that occurred after the accident. However, she can recall events that took place before the accident. She recognizes her family and friends and important dates, such as her birthday and her marriage anniversary, but has to be constantly reintroduced to the new people in her life. Alicia has most likely sustained damage to her _____.
A) hypothalamus
B) somatosensory cortex
C) hippocampus
D) medulla
9. _____ is part of the maturation process that leads to a child's ability to crawl and walk during the first year.
A) Myelination
B) Natural selection
C) Depolarization
D) Reticular formation
10. __________is best defined as a sudden variation in an inheritable characteristic, as distinguished from a variation that results from generations of gradual selection.
A) Natural selection
B) Classical conditioning
C) Adaptation
D) Mutation
E) Select
11. John recently suffered a blow to his head. Since then, he finds it difficult to comprehend what others say to him. He also finds it difficult to express his thoughts and cannot seem to find the right words to say while speaking. However, he can speak freely with proper syntax. In this scenario, John is most likely suffering from _____.
A) Broca's aphasia
B) epilepsy
C) retrograde amnesia
D) Wernicke's aphasia
12. __________relatives have a genetic overlap of about 50 percent.
A) First-degree
B) Second-degree
C) Third-degree
D) Fourth-degree
E) Select
13. __________are specialized cells of the nervous system that receive and transmit messages.
A) Nephrons
B) Hormones
C) Neurons
D) Glial cells
E) Select
14. Bobby was standing in line to purchase a movie ticket. All of a sudden, the man in front of him took a few steps back and stepped on Bobby's foot. Bobby immediately felt pain in his foot. This sensation was transmitted to the spinal cord and the brain through _____.
A) glial cells
B) pituitary glands
C) afferent neurons
D) efferent neurons
15. __________is a neurotransmitter that controls muscle contractions.
A) Acetylcholine
B) Serotonin
C) Norepinephrine
D) Thyroxin
E) Select