1. In the garbage can model of decision making, participants are characterized in terms of
A. how much energy participants can devote to the problem.
B. how much energy they have available to make a choice.
C. the potential energy required to solve the problem.
D. the amount of bargaining that may be required to achieve a solution.
2. The _______ stage of the creative process is essentially a choice to engage in and commit to solving a problem.
A. incubation
B. concentration
C. preparation
D. verification
3. When Charles and David perceive that it is in their best interest to remain ignorant about conflicts of interest and certain types of incentive systems currently applied throughout their organization, their decisions are influenced by
A. incremental violations.
B. reward systems.
C. motivated blindness.
D. indirect blindness.
4. After having some success in creative problem solving, the _______ Felicia experiences stimulates her to continue seeking creative ideas.
A. cautious optimism
B. positive emotions
C. managerial praise
D. challenge of time pressure
5. A set of activities designed to analyze a situation systematically and generate, implement, and evaluate solutions can be referred to as
A. decision making.
B. collaboration.
C. decision debacles.
D. problem solving.
7. When a person in authority identifies an important issue and carries out a process to make a choice that produces outcomes with consequences, that person is engaging in
A. collaboration.
B. organizational decision making.
C. problem solving.
D. decision debacles.
9. Which of the following is a characteristic of programmed decisions?
A. They're surrounded by many uncertain conditions.
B. They're usually made by people at higher levels of the organization.
C. They're repetitive and routine and have standard operating procedures.
D. They're poorly structured and occur infrequently.
10. During the final stage of _______, a secret ballot is taken, during which each member votes for a preferred solution.
A. low-risk decision making
B. nominal group technique
C. collaborative decision making
D. group decision making
12. "Okay, what's the problem here? What do I need to know? What needs to be done?" These sorts of questions are all part of the _______ stage of the creative process.
A. concentration
B. preparation
C. incubation
D. verification
17. Shaq'an has been assigned to develop a new work team. Since he trained as a musician in high school, he approaches this assignment by thinking of himself as a conductor and his team as an orchestra. In doing so, he's using a synectic technique known as _______ analogy.
A. direct
B. symbolic
C. evidence-based
D. fantasy
19. In the rational model of decision making, the _______ phase typically involves defining the situation.
A. analytic
B. attention
C. design
D. pre-analysis
20. Melissa knows that in order for the decision-making process to be successful, she has to establish _______, distinguishing what truly matters to her organization and is critical to its success.
A. extrinsic incentives
B. clear priorities
C. global sustainability
D. reward systems