1.) Describe each of the five criteria for identifying a casual effect and provide an example of each. Which are best demonstrated through experiments? Why? Which do experiments not demonstrate well? How can experimental designs be altered to compensate? Is anything lost with quasi-experimental designs?

2.) Describe the difference between randomization (random assignment) and matching? What are the advantages and disadvantages of each?

3.) What makes a good survey questionnaire? Consider the questions themselves and the questionnaire as a whole. Why is it important to make sure you have a good questionnaire? How can you determine if you have a good questionnaire?

4.) What are some ethical issues in using unobtrusive measures? How should we overcome those ethical issues?

5.) Develop two research questions that are appropriate for using unobtrusive methods. Describe what specific methods might be best suited for studying those research questions and why a reactive method wouldn't be as useful.

6.) How can researchers use a comparative approach, over a cross-sectional approach? What is a research question that is best answered with a comparative approach?

7.) Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of including neutral, middle alternatives in response choices for survey questions.