1) At one time, there were not enough kidney dialysis machines for everyone who needed them. One hospital in Seattle, Washington, used the utilitarian calculus to decide who would get dialysis. Age, health, involvement in community activities, the importance of a person's job to the community, and the number of dependents were just some of the factors taken into consideration in making a decision. Most of the patients who were denied kidney dialysis died as a consequence. Was this utilitarian solution the best way, from a moral point of view, for allocating kidney dialysis machines? Support your position.

2) How does striving toward enlightenment or self-realization benefit us and others?