1. As opposed to external fertilization, internal fertilization ensures that

A) sperm will be protected until they can unite with the eggs.

B) sperm and egg will be released simultaneously.

C) all of the sperm will fertilize eggs.

D) the number of sperm and eggs produced will be equal.

E) only the fittest of sperm and egg combinations will survive.

2. Which of the following statements about natural selection is true?

A) Natural selection leads to increased likelihood of survival for certain individuals based on variation. The variation must come from outside the population.

B) Natural selection causes variations to arise within a population.

C) Natural selection leads to extinction.

D) All individuals within a population have an equal likelihood of survival. Survival is based on chance.

E) Natural selection results in those individuals within a population who are best-adapted surviving and producing more offspring.

3. Which of the following is the best description of an adaptation?

A) a trait that is of no advantage to survival

B) an environmental change that selects for certain traits

C) a trait that will be beneficial in the future

D) a trait that is currently beneficial to survival

E) a trait that was beneficial to survival in the past

4. Luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) are

A) constantly secreted into the bloodstream of males.

B) produced in both male and female humans.

C) produced in the ovaries.

D) only produced in female humans.

E) produced in the testes.