1. For this assignment, you are required to read the article entitled "HazMat Emergencies: Decontamination and Victim Chain of Survival," by Gunderson, Helikson, and Heffner (2014), and write a review. The article may be found in the Academic Search Complete database in the CSU Online Library. Your review must include the following:

- Summarize the key points presented in the article.

- Describe the key elements of a solid emergency response program.

- Discuss why proper decontamination of victims is important.

- Discuss your opinion or what you can conclude from the article.

Your response must be at least 800 words in length. All sources used, including this article, must be referenced. Paraphrased and/or quoted materials must have accompanying in-text and reference citations in APA format.

2. For this assignment, write about a hazardous materials incident or an environmental health and safety (EHS) project that involves a material(s) with a hazard(s) that falls under the hazard classification that we have studied so far (water/air reactive, corrosive, or toxic). The incident or project could be one that you have researched or been involved with. Your essay must include the following:

- summary of the project or incident,

- identification of the hazardous material(s) involved and hazardous classification,

- discussion of chemical properties and interactions relevant to the incident/project,

- any short or long-term mitigation implemented

- conclusion (your professional opinion on the project/incident).

Your response must be at least 400 words in length. You are required to use at least two references, including your textbook for your response. All sources used, including the textbook, must be referenced. Paraphrased and/or quoted materials must have accompanying citations in APA format

3. Case Study - Read the incident scenario, and write a response that is at least three pages in length. Your response must include answers to the questions being asked. All sources used, including the textbook, must be referenced. Paraphrased and/or quoted materials must have accompanying in-text and reference citations in APA format.

TEXTBOOK

Meyer, E. (2014). Chemistry of hazardous materials (6th ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson

Scenario:

You are the Refinery Emergency Response Coordinator for an incident at the SJV Refinery which has been in operation since 1966. The refinery processes 120,000 bbls of crude oil per day, which has a sulfur content of 2.5 percent. The refinery converts crude oil to naptha, light oil, and heavy oils using the Atmospheric/Vacuum Distillation Unit with key equipment such as the following:

-naptha, kerosene, gasoline, and diesel hydrotreaters; - isomerization unit; -naptha reformer; -fluid catalytic cracker; coker; hydrocracker; polymerization unit (petrochemical section of the refinery polymerizing olefin gases to produce polyethylene); sulfur recovery Claus plant (catalytic reactors); and distillate/gasoline blending tanks.

The refinery was initiating work on a major plant turnaround at the time of the incident to complete required maintenance repairs, mechanical integrity inspections, and modifications to existing equipment. Twenty contractor companies (approximately 150 employees) have been contracted to perform this work under the direction of refinery staff. All of the contractor workers completed the refinery orientation training.

Work for the contractor crews is assigned/scheduled each morning. On the day of the incident, the day-shift (6 am to 6 pm) crew had been tasked with isolating the acid gas feed stream for the Claus unit. Due to other work priorities, the crew did not isolate the line as planned. A shift turnover for the night contractor crew did not happen due to mandatory safety training that delayed their arrival at the worksite. Upon their arrival at the work site, the night crew held a job safety analysis (JSA) review of the scheduled task (line breaking of the acid gas feed line to replace a segment) to be performed and the hazards present. No pressure gauges or monitoring was present to indicate that the acid gas feed line was operational. The crew initiated the line breaking activity (open the line to the atmosphere) at approximately 7:45 pm under self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA), which almost immediately resulted in the uncontrolled release of acid gas. A nearby ignition source from a welding operation ignited the flammable gas. The following actions were initially taken:

- The evacuation alarm was sounded and the refinery emergency response team (ERT) was activated.

- The plant manager and the local fire department were notified of the incident.

- The incident command was established at the refinery office near the main refinery access gate to the south (this is the furthest distance within the refinery boundary from the incident location).

- The refinery ERT incident commander implemented actions required under the approved refinery emergency response plan.

-The ERT was not able to immediately isolate the acid gas feed pipeline.

- The fire department arrived on location and assumed the incident command of the event.

Additional Relevant Information:

The refinery encompasses an area measuring 2000 feet by 1400 feet. The Claus unit is located in the most northern part of the refinery, approximately 1350 feet from the main refinery access gate to the south. The polymerization unit is operating directly adjacent to the Claus unit. The nearest residential community is located approximately 1000 feet to the northeast of the refinery. ?A plastic recycling plant is located along the south fence boundary of the refinery.