1. Why is China very attractive to marketers around the world?
A) because it represents a collective approach to marketing in contrast to the traditional individualist approach used in the United States and other western cultures
B) Chinese consumers are very brand loyal
C) they are the heaviest users of the Internet
D) Chinese teens are easier to understand because they are less "trendy" than teenagers from other countries
E) because of its massive population, rising income, and emerging youth market
2. _____ is the study of individuals, groups, or organizations and the processes they use to select, secure, use, and dispose of products, services, experiences, or ideas to satisfy needs and the impacts that these processes have on the consumer and society.
A) Marketing
B) Consumer behavior
C) Psychographics
D) Demographics
E) Psychology
3. One primary function of Harriet's job is to study individuals, groups, or organizations and the processes they use to select, secure, use, and dispose of her company's products and services to satisfy needs and the impacts that these processes have on the consumer and society. Harriet works in the field of _____.
A) social psychology
B) cognitive psychology
C) management
D) consumer behavior
E) organizational behavior
4. Which of the following is NOT true regarding consumer behavior?
A) Organizations are applying theories and information about consumer behavior on a daily basis.
B) It is often necessary to conduct research.
C) Consumer behavior is a complex, multidimensional process.
D) The overall model of consumer behavior presented in the text is accurate in predicting consumer behavior.
E) Marketing practices designed to influence consumer behavior involve ethical issues that affect the firm, the individual, and society.
5. Which of the following is a key aspect regarding consumer behavior?
A) Organizations are applying theories and information about consumer behavior on a daily basis.
B) It is often necessary to conduct research.
C) Consumer behavior is a complex, multidimensional process.
D) Marketing practices designed to influence consumer behavior involve ethical issues that affect the firm, the individual, and society.
E) all of the above
6. Which of the following is NOT an application of consumer behavior?
A) marketing strategy
B) human resource management
C) regulatory policy
D) informed consumers
E) social marketing
7. Thomas wants to gain a useable understanding of consumer behavior in order to help him become a more effective marketing manager. Which application of consumer behavior does this represent?
A) marketing strategy
B) regulatory policy
C) social marketing
D) informed consumers
E) resource management
8. _____ is the application of marketing strategies and tactics to alter or create behaviors that have a positive effect on the targeted individuals or society as a whole.
A) Social marketing
B) Consumer behavior
C) Regulation
D) Proactive marketing
E) Ethical marketing
9. Mia is concerned how her marketing activities will affect individual consumers as well as society at large. Mia is implementing _____.
A) conscientious marketing
B) regulated marketing
C) ethical marketing
D) proactive marketing
E) social marketing
10. Most economically developed societies are legitimately referred to as _____ societies.
A) marketing
B) proactive
C) consumption
D) competitive
E) enhanced
11. Which of the following is used by firms to influence consumers?
A) ads
B) packages
C) store environments
D) sales pitches
E) all of the above
12. To survive in a competitive environment, an organization must provide its target customers more _____ than is provided to them by its competition.
A) product
B) service
C) value
D) feedback
E) attention
13. The difference between all the benefits derived from a total product and all the costs of acquiring those benefits is known as _____.
A) price
B) position
C) consumer behavior
D) customer value
E) equity
14. Laurie saved for six months to have enough money to buy a new designer outfit to wear to a special party. She had to travel to a larger city to purchase this outfit, but it was worth it to her because it made her feel beautiful and confident. The difference between the benefits Laurie perceived from this purchase and the cost to her to acquire these benefits describes her _____.
A) consumer behavior
B) customer value
C) motivation
D) equity difference
E) perceptual field
15. It is critical that a firm consider value from which perspective?
A) the competition's
B) the firm's
C) the customer's
D) the government's
E) the industry's
16. How can an organization provide superior customer value to customers?
A) by conducting market research
B) by offering their products at the lowest price
C) by offering extended warranty coverage on products
D) by doing a better job of anticipating and reacting to customer needs than the competition does
E) by offering more variations of a product
17. Marketing strategy begins with _____.
A) market segmentation
B) targeting
C) conducting an outcomes assessment
D) objective setting
E) conducting a market analysis
18. Harold is tasked with developing the marketing strategy for his family's business. What should he do first?
A) segment the market
B) conduct a market analysis
C) decide on which segments to target
D) develop the marketing mix
E) set objectives
19. Marketing strategy is formulated in terms of the marketing mix; that is, it involves determining the product, features, price, communications, distribution, and services that will provide customers with superior value. This entire set of characteristics is often referred to as the _____.
A) total product
B) customer value
C) offering
D) value proposition
E) total value
20. Disney World in Orlando, FL has several theme parks, resorts, restaurants, and stores. Each is intentionally created to offer a memorable event for visitors. For example, the Wilderness Lodge is a large resort hotel on the grounds, and everything within it is made to look like log cabins and pioneer days. Even the casual restaurant has the wait staff dressed in pioneer costumes, and they put on funny little skits when they are waiting on customers. Which of the following best describes what Disney is selling?
A) a product
B) a service
C) a bundled product
D) a bundled service
E) an experience
21. _____ are small, convenient, open-air retailing complexes laid out to evoke the small-town shopping districts of previous generations.
A) Malls
B) Kiosks
C) Town centers
D) Lifestyle centers
E) Micro-malls
22. Which of the following is a component of a market analysis?
A) market segmentation
B) objectives
C) conditions
D) price
E) all of the above
23. Darren is conducting a market analysis for his business, and he has asked your advice on what he should be analyzing. Which of the following should he consider at this step of marketing strategy development?
A) the company's own ability to meet customer needs
B) competitors' capabilities and strategies
C) consumers' needs
D) conditions in the market
E) all of the above
24. Jamie is developing a thorough understanding of his company's own capabilities, the capabilities of current and future competitors, the consumption process of potential customers, and the economic, physical, and technological environment in which these elements interact. Which step in the marketing strategy process is Jamie performing?
A) setting objectives
B) segmenting the market
C) conducting a market analysis
D) assessing the outcomes
E) targeting the market
25. Which of the following aspects is evaluated when determining a firm's ability to meet customer needs?
A) financial condition
B) general managerial skills
C) production capabilities
D) technological sophistication
E) all of the above
26. Which of the following is NOT evaluated when analyzing a company's own ability to meet customer needs?
A) competitors
B) financial strengths
C) general managerial skills
D) production capabilities
E) reputation
27. As part of developing your company's marketing strategy, you are tasked with analyzing the new-product capabilities, channel strength, advertising abilities, service capabilities, marketing research abilities, and market and consumer knowledge. Which aspect of your company's capabilities are you assessing?
A) financial strength
B) marketing skills
C) general managerial skills
D) production capabilities
E) reputation
28. A portion of a larger market whose needs differ somewhat from the larger market is referred to as a(n) _____.
A) market segment
B) niche
C) subgroup
D) ancillary market
E) secondary market
29. Smaller women like to purchase fashionable clothes just as much as any women. However, most clothes are not proportioned for their smaller size and do not fit well. As a result, several manufacturers offer "petite" sizes of clothing for this group of consumers. Women who comprise this group have needs that differ somewhat from the total market and represent a _____.
A) demographic segment
B) lifestyle segment
C) market potential
D) sub-market
E) market segment
30. Tracking consumers' online activity and delivering specific banner ads based on that activity is known as _____.
A) clickstream
B) blogging
C) spam
D) behavioral targeting
E) electronic targeting
31. Tacoda Systems tracks consumers' online activity and delivers specific banners based on that activity. This tracking and ad delivery system has been installed on almost 3,000 Web sites, and advertisers pay on a pay-for-performance basis, which means that advertisers pay Tacoda Systems only when a consumer clicks on their ad. The tracking of online activity and delivery of ads based on that activity is called _____.
A) click-throughs
B) behavioral targeting
C) spamming
D) blogging
E) cookie targeting
32. What is the first step in market segmentation?
A) describe each group
B) group customers with similar needs sets
C) identify product-related need sets
D) select an attractive segment to serve
E) set objectives for segmenting
33. describing each group
A) selecting an attractive segment(s) to serve
B) identifying product-related need sets
C) grouping customers with similar need sets
D) deciding the segmenting scheme
34. Which of the following is NOT a step in market segmentation?
A) set budget
B) identify product-related need sets
C) group customers with similar need sets
D) describe each group
E) select an attractive segment(s) to serve
35. Carlos is attempting to segment the market for his company's products. Where should he begin?
A) set objectives
B) identify product-related need sets
C) group customers with similar need sets
D) describe each group
E) selecting an attractive segment(s) to serve
36. Which term reflects the fact that most products in developed economies satisfy more than one need?
A) multiplicity
B) duplicity
C) need array
D) need set
E) value proposition
37. Barry is looking for a car that is dependable yet stylish enough to let others know that he has achieved a respectable status in his life and career. He also wants it to be a high-performance automobile. Dependability, status, and performance represent Barry's _____.
A) self-image
B) need set
C) alter ego
D) unarticulated needs
E) lifestyle
38. Which of the following is used to describe a group of consumers with similar needs sets?
A) demographics
B) lifestyles
C) media usage
D) a and b
E) a, b, and c
39. Talbot's is a women's clothing store that offers classic fashions at a slightly premium price (i.e., a wool skirt typically costs over $100). During the process of market segmentation, Talbot's identified a group of consumers who are larger than average women yet still want stylish clothing. Further research into this segment revealed that these women tend to be between the ages of 35 and 50, are career-oriented, have a household income over $50,000, and are married with children under the age of 18 living at home. This group is also heavy users of magazines and newspapers as well as prime-time television. Which step of market segmentation does this describe?
A) identifying product-related need sets
B) grouping customer with similar need sets
C) describing each group
D) selecting an attractive segment(s) to serve
E) profiling current customers
40. The segment(s) within the larger market on which an organization will focus its marketing effort is referred to as the _____.
A) need set
B) target market
C) customer set
D) strategic market
E) primary market
41. J&J Produce is a distributor of fresh produce. They conducted a thorough analysis of its market and identified groups of consumers that had similar product-related needs. One particular market identified wanted fresh and unique produce, such as Swiss chard, radicchio, and exotic fruits, and they were willing to pay higher prices for these choices. J&J Produce decided to focus its marketing effort on this segment of the total market. This segment is J&J's _____.
A) need set
B) primary market
C) customer set
D) target market
E) market focus
42. Which of the following is used to evaluate the attractiveness of various market segments?
A) segment size
B) distribution available
C) fit with company image
D) cost to serve
E) all of the above
43. Juan has segmented the market for boats and is currently analyzing each with respect to several factors, such as size, growth rate, competitor strength, fit with company image, distribution available, cost to serve, and risk before deciding which segment to target. Which step of market segmentation is Juan conducting?
A) identifying product-related need sets
B) grouping customer with similar need sets
C) describing each group
D) selecting an attractive segment(s) to serve
E) profiling current customers
44. The product, price, communications, distribution, and services provided to the target market is referred to as the _____.
A) need set
B) marketing mix
C) marketing set
D) decision set
E) value proposition
45. Which of the following is part of the marketing mix?
A) product
B) price
C) communications
D) distribution
E) all of the above
46. A(n) _____ is anything a consumer acquires or might acquire to meet a perceived need.
A) satisfier
B) end state
C) product
D) value proposition
E) outcome
47. To be successful, a product must _____.
A) meet the needs of the target market better than the competition does
B) be lower priced than competitors' products
C) be of higher quality than competitors' products
D) be advertised more than competitors' products
E) have greater distribution than the competition does
48. _____ include(s) advertising, the sales force, public relations, packaging, and any other signal that the firm provides about itself and its products.
A) Value promotions
B) Brand equity
C) Distribution
D) Market segmentation
E) Marketing communications
49. Which of the following is included in marketing communications?
A) advertising
B) sales force
C) public relations
D) packaging
E) all of the above
50. Which of the following is NOT a critical question for developing marketing communications?
A) Who do we want to communicate with?
B) What effect do we want to have?
C) What message will achieve the desired result?
D) What media should we use?
E) all of the above are critical questions