You are working as a financial planner. A couple has asked you to put together an investment plan for the education of their daughter. She is a bright 8-year-old (her birthday is today), and everyone hopes she will go to university after high school in 10 years, on her 18th birthday. You estimate that today the cost of a year of university is $40,000, including the cost of tuition, books, accommodation, food, and clothing. You forecast that the annual inflation rate will be 2%. You may assume that these costs are incurred at the start of each university year. A typical university program lasts 4 years. The effective annual interest rate is 4% and is nominal.

Suppose the couple invests money on her birthday, starting today and ending 1 year before she starts university. How much must they invest each year to have money to send their daughter to university? Use the simplified method for determining the real rate of interest. [Formula required]

If the couple waits 2 years, until their daughter’s 10th birthday, how much more do they need to invest annually? [Formula required]