We will start with the data file used in Part A ("Activity 4a.sav"). Suppose, however, you [the researcher] encountered a small problem during data collection: after the post-tests were collected, you realized that the post-test form did not ask for the students' identification number. As such, it will be impossible to match pre-test scores to post-test scores. Rather than simply give up, you start thinking about the data you do have and try to determine whether you can salvage your project. In assessing the situation, you realize that you have 40 pre-test scores and 40 post-test scores, but no way to link them. While it will result in a weaker comparison, you determine that you are still able to compare pre-test vs. post-test scores; you will use a between-subjects design rather than a within-subjects design.

1. Create the data set.

a. Using the "Activity 4a.sav" file as a starting point, create a new dataset that you can use with the between subjects design. Hint: you will no longer need the variables CreativePre and CreativeTest. Instead, you have only one variable for the score on the creativity test. A second (or grouping) variable will serve to indicate which test the student took.

b. Submit the dataset as one of the Activity 4 files.

c. Perform exploratory data analysis on CreativityPre and CreativityPost. Using SPSS, find out the mean and standard deviation of these two variables.

d. Construct an appropriate chart/graph that displays the relevant information for these two variables.

e. prepare the null and alternative hypotheses used to test the problem above (e.g., whether participation in the course affects writing scores).

f. Perform an independent t test to assess your hypotheses above.

g. In APA style, prepare one or two paragraphs that describe the dataset, gives your hypothesis, and presents the results of the dependent sample t test.

h. In this activity, you used the same dataset to analyze both a between- and within-subjects design. Create a single paragraph (using the material you wrote above), that presents both sets of results.

i. describe, in 300-500 words, whether the two tests resulted in the same findings. Did you expect this to be the case? Why or why not? What have you learned in this activity?