Respond to the following questions.

• What do you determine when you perform nonparametric statistics?
• When are nonparametric statistics used? Give an example.
• When is the one-wayX²test used?
• When is the two-wayX²test used?
• Assume that each of the following studies cannot be analyzed using a parametric procedure. For each of the following studies, indicate the appropriate nonparametric procedure, and explain why you chose it.

a) One group of mothers has played classical music for their babies every day for 6 months while another group of mothers has not. The babies are tested to determine if there is a significant difference in the motor coordination skills of these two groups.

b) College freshmen with high test anxiety are assigned to three groups. One group receives free individualized counseling, one group participates in a class to teach them how to reduce their anxiety, and the third group receives no treatment. They are tested to determine if there is a significant difference in the test anxiety level of the three groups in a test situation.

c) A survey of local residents has been conducted to determine the level of support for a new shopping plaza. Those surveyed were allowed to respond in one of five categories: strongly support, support, no opinion, do not support, strongly do not support. The number of people in each category was recorded.