True or False

1) A job description outlines the minimum qualifications a person must have to perform the job successfully.

2) The productive potential of employee experience, knowledge, and actions is known as human resources.

3) Negotiations between management and employees regarding disputes over compensation, benefits, working conditions, and job security is called collective bargaining. 

4) No employees are exempt from overtime pay rules established by the 1938 Fair Labor Standards Act.

5) Unstructured interviews are susceptible to legal challenges from job candidates.

6) An employment test that is considered valid measures what it claims to measure and is free of any bias.

7) Shadowing is when a manager watches a recent employee to ensure he or she is performing effectively in the new job.

8) In a 360-degree assessment, employees are appraised by their managers, coworkers, subordinates, and customers.

9) Rank-and-yank performance evaluations are grounded in a performance bell curve.

10) The primary goal of conducting performance appraisals is to determine compensation adjustments for the next year.

11) Nonwage and nonsalary forms of compensation paid to employees by an organization are called incentives.

12) Transferring an employee is a lateral move that provides a different job with similar responsibility.

13) In at-will employment, complete discretion over a worker's status resides with the employer.

14) Labor unions are organizations of employers formed to protect and advance their members' interests by bargaining with employees over job-related issues.

15) There are more union workers in the public sector than in the private sector.

16) Ratification means that the union and management now have a negotiated labor-management contract that both sides have signed.

17) Elizabeth does not live in a right-to-work state. She chose not to join the union at the school where she works. She thinks she should not have to pay dues to a union she does not belong to; however, because of negotiations that happened between the union and the school board, Elizabeth received a pay raise. Therefore, according to the union security clause, Elizabeth must pay dues to the union. 

18) Jethro works in Texas, a right-to-work state. He took a new job at a unionized factory and was told he had to join the union within two months. Jethro refused. He said he cannot be forced to join a union in a right-to-work state. Jethro is correct.

19) The trade-off of a two-tier wage contract is saving jobs at the expense of higher pay.

20) Benefits and supplemental pay accounted for 50 percent of compensation costs for civilian workers as of June 2011.

21) In 1997, union leaders at American Airlines ordered a walkout that would have stranded 40,000 passengers. Union pilots were in a dispute over the company allowing nonunion pilots to take over some flights. Then-president Bill Clinton's action of sending the pilots back to work for a 60-day cooling-off period was illegal.