Researchers at the Cornell University Food and Brand Lab conducted an experiment at a fitness camp for adolescents (Wansink & van Ittersum, 2003). Campers were given either a 22-ounce glass that was tall and thin or a 22-ounce glass that was short and wide. Campers with the short glasses tended to pour more soda, milk, or juice than campers with the tall glasses.

a. Is it likely that the researchers used random selection? Explain.

b. Is it likely that the researchers used random assignment? Explain.

c. What is the independent variable, and what are its levels?

d. What is the dependent variable?

e. What hypothesis test would the researchers use?

f. Conduct step 1 of hypothesis testing.

g. Conduct step 2 of hypothesis testing.

h. How could the researchers redesign this study so that they could use a paired-samples t test?