Refer to given Exercise.

a. Suppose that 500 men and 500 women had been surveyed, rather than 50 of each sex as in given Exercise. Further suppose that the proportions in favor of capital punishment remained the same, at 380/500 or 76% of the men and 320/500 or 64% of the women. Calculate the chi-square statistic in this case.

b. The p-value for the chi-square statistic in part (a) is .000035. Is this evidence that there is a relationship between sex and opinion about capital punishment?

c. Explain the reason for the discrepancy between the result in Exercise part (b) and the result in part (b) of this exercise.

Exercise
Imagine that 50 men and 50 women are asked, "Do you favor or oppose capital punishment for those convicted of murder?" In the observed data, 38/50 = .76, or 76% of the men favor capital punishment compared to 32/50 = .64, or 64% of the women.

a. Write null and alternative hypotheses about the possible relationship between sex and opinion about capital punishment.

b. A chi-square test of the statistical significance of the relationship has a p-value of .19. Is this evidence that there is a relationship? What is the justification for this conclusion?

c. Calculate the value of the chi-square statistic.

d. In part (b), the p-value was given as .19. Write a sentence that interprets this number.