Question: Use the sample space given in Example. Write each event as a set, and compute its probability.
Example: Probabilities for a Deck of Cards
An ordinary deck of cards contains 52 cards divided into four suits. The red suits are diamonds and hearts and the black suits are clubs (♣) and spades (♠). Each suit contains 13 cards of the following denominations: 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, J (jack), Q (queen), K (king), and A (ace). The cards J, Q, and K are called face cards. Mathematician Persi Diaconis, working with David Aldous in 1986 and Dave Bayer in 1992, showed that seven shuffles are needed to "thoroughly mix up" the cards in an ordinary deck. In 2000 mathematician Nick Trefethen, working with his father, Lloyd Trefethen, a mechanical engineer, used a somewhat different definition of "thoroughly mix up" to show that six shuffles will nearly always suffice. Imagine that the cards in a deck have become-by some method-so thoroughly mixed up that if you spread them out face down and pick one at random, you are as likely to get any one card as any other.
a. What is the sample space of outcomes?
b. What is the event that the chosen card is a black face card?
c. What is the probability that the chosen card is a black face card? The event that the chosen card is black and has an even number on it.