Question: Rewrite answers in own words:

1. With this precise definition of bluffing, do you think bluffing is widespread in labor negotiations?

Bluffing basically refers to engaging in false display of aggression or confidence so as to intimidate or deceive another person. Thus it involves deception in deliberate manner in order to have a greater resources than another person actually has by creating an impression of strong position in front of others.

2. Is bluffing ethical? Does it matter if it is widespread in labor negotiations?

In this case, there exist collective bargaining in which both management and labor enters into dispute and finalizes the terms pertaining to the employment. However each party emphasis on terms that is least acceptable in order to keep their interest vital and favorable.

Yes bluffing is widespread in the labor negotiation. Since, it is a part of the game that provides chance to the labor so as to instill the belief in management that directs the reasonable employment terms. Thus in order to bargain the labor would initiate costly non cooperation movement or work stoppage.

However on the other hand it provides opportunity to management in order to successfully bargain with the workforce. Since they convey their perception perception pertaining to enduring stoppage or work rather than accepting the unreasonable condition what they believe to be.

Thus, it is ascertained that bluffing plays an important role in collective bargaining between the management and labor. Hence it is widespread in labor negotiation.