Question: (Please show your work by making a table for d and d-square)

A motivational program was designed to increase the number of hours each student who took it studied per week. Eight randomly selected students were involved in the program. The table below shows the number of hours each student studied per week before the taking motivational program and after taking the program.

Before program:   8       12     10    12     5       10    10      12

After program:     12       11     14    15     8       15     9       6

At the 10% level of significance, can it be concluded the motivational program increased the average number of hours students studied per week?

Write down the null and alternate hypotheses. Formulate and test the appropriate hypotheses. Use the critical value approach.

Assume that the population of paired differences has a normal distribution.