Question: Detecting insects in farm fields. To detect the presence of harmful insects in farm fields, we can put up boards covered with a sticky material and examine the insects trapped on the boards. Which colors attract insects best? Experimenters placed six boards of each of four colors at random locations in a field of oats and measured the number of cereal leaf beetles trapped. Here are the data:

Because the samples are small, we will apply a nonparametric test.

(a) What hypotheses does ANOVA test? What hypotheses does Kruskal-Wallis test?

(b) Find the median number of beetles trapped by boards of each color. Which colors appear more effective? Use the Kruskal-Wallis test to see if there are significant differences among the colors. What do you conclude?