Question: Cox, Thomas, Hinton, and Donahue (2006) studied the effects of exercise on well-being. There were three independent variables: age (18-20 years old, 35-45 years old), intensity of exercise (low, moderate, high), and time point (15, 20, 25, and 30 minutes). The dependent variable was positive well-being. Every participant was assessed at all intensity levels and all time points. (Generally, moderate-intensity exercise and high-intensity exercise led to higher levels of positive well-being than low-intensity exercise.)

a. What type of ANOVA would the researchers conduct?

b. The researchers included two covariates related to the physical effects of exercise, measures of hemoglobin v and serum ferritin. What statistical test would they use? Explain.

c. The researchers conducted separate analyses for three dependent variables: perceived fatigue, psychological distress, and positive well-being. If they wanted to include all three dependent variables in the analysis described in part (a), what statistical test would they use? Explain.

d. If the researchers wanted to use all three dependent variables in the analysis described in part (b), the analysis that included covariates, what statistical test would they use? Explain.