Question 1: According to Shaw and McKay, which zones had the highest crime rates?

Zones I and II

Zones I and IV

Zones II and V

Zones V and VI

QUESTION 2. According to ____________ theory, the key to understanding the root cause of crime can be found in the nation's socioeconomic makeup.

Economic

Cultural Deviance

Social Structure

Strain

QUESTION 3. The goal of accumulating material goods and wealth through individual competition involving the process of being socialized to pursue material success and to believe it is achievable is called the:

Success hypothesis

False-precipitation theory

American dream

Hard-work hypothesis

QUESTION 4. Collective efficacy is the social control exerted by cohesive communities.

True

False

QUESTION 5. ______________ behavior is any action that departs from the social norms of society.

Deviant

Illegal

Criminal

Misdemeanor

QUESTION 6. Which was the first written criminal code?

Common Law Code

Mosaic Code

Code of Hammurabi

U.S. Code

QUESTION 7. By the mid-eighteenth century, social philosophers began to argue for a more __________ approach to punishment.

Rational

Reciprocal for victims' feelings

Rapid

Punitive

QUESTION 8. Deciding what to study presents a major ethical concern for criminologists.

True

False

QUESTION 9. The primary sources of crime data are:

Media reports and journal articles

Public and open

Surveys and official reports

Interviews and photographs

QUESTION 10. To address the nonreporting issue, the federal government sponsors the:

IPSR

UCR

FDIC

NCVS

QUESTION 11. __________ uses multiple advances computational methods, including artificial intelligence, to analyze large data sets usually involving one or more data solutions.

Data mining

Crime mapping

Logic bombing

Trojan horsing

QUESTION 12. __________ is the illegal use of force against innocent people to achieve a political objective.

Espionage

Terrorism

Treason

bribery

QUESTION 13. Criminologists look for _________ crime-rate patters to gain insight into the nature of crime.

Increasing

Decreasing

Random

Stable

QUESTION 14. In the past, how did criminologists view crime victims?

As an indirect role in a criminal incident.

As merely the passive targets of a criminal's anger or greed.

As fully responsible for the criminal incident.

As an active role in the incident.

QUESTION 15. Victim precipitation can be either:

Scientific or empirical

Active or passive

Encouraged or discouraged

Instigated or non-responsive

QUESTION 16. Most crime victims are people who are simply in the wrong place at the wrong time.

True

False

QUESTION 17. Rational choice theorists view crime as both _________ and ________ specific.

Offense and offender

Reward and offender

Victim and offender

Offense and victim

QUESTION 18. The basic premise of ___________ theory is that there is more than one path to crime and more that one class of offender.

Life course theory

Propensity theory

Trajectory theory

QUESTION 19. Sutherland believed that acquiring criminal behavior is a _______ process.

Socialization

Legal

Financial

Political

QUESTION 20. Social reaction theory is also called ________________.

Strain theory

False perception theory

Labeling theory

Differential association

QUESTION 21. Which of the following is not listed as a cybercrime?

Cybersex

Cyberterrorism

Cyberwar

Cybertheft

QUESTION 22. Critical criminologists believe that ______________ are now more powerful than ever.

Cites

States

Corporations

Individuals

QUESTION 23. Cybercrimes are easy to detect through traditional law enforcement methods.

True

False

QUESTION 24. Only nonviolent acts can be considered political crimes.

True

False

QUESTION 25. _______ is the most serious of all common-law crimes and is the only one in the United States that can still be punished by death.

Rape

White-collar crimes

Terrorism

Murder