Questio0n: Define the following terms, using graphs or equations to illustrate your answers where feasible.

Risk in general; stand-alone risk; probability distribution and its relation to risk

Expected rate of return, ˆrr^

Continuous probability distribution

Standard deviation, σ; variance, σ2σ2

Risk aversion; realized rate of return, ¯rr¯

Risk premium for Stock i, RPiRPi;

market risk premium, RPMRPM

Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM)

Expected return on a portfolio, ˆrpr^p; market portfolio

Correlation as a concept; correlation coefficient, ρ

Market risk; diversifiable risk; relevant risk

Beta coefficient, b; average stock's beta

Security Market Line (SML); SML equation

Slope of SML and its relationship to risk aversion

Equilibrium; Efficient Markets Hypothesis (EMH); three forms of EMH

Fama-French three-factor model

Behavioral finance; herding; anchoring

1) The probability distribution of a less risky return is more peaked than that of a riskier return. What shape would the probability distribution have for (a) completely certain returns and (b) completely uncertain returns?

2) Required Rate of Return Suppose rRF = 5%rRF = 5%, rM = 10%rM = 10%, and rA = 12%rA = 12%. Calculate Stock A's beta. If Stock A's beta were 2.0,
then what would be A's new required rate of return?

3) Portfolio Required Return Suppose you manage a $4 million fund that consists of four stocks with the following investments: If the market's required rate of return is 14% and the risk-free rate is 6%, what is the fund's required rate of return?

How can the WACC be both an average cost and a marginal cost?

4) After-Tax Cost of Debt LL Incorporated's currently outstanding 11% coupon bonds have a yield to maturity of 8%. LL believes it could issue new bonds at par that would provide a similar yield to maturity. If its marginal tax rate is 35%, what is LL's after-tax cost of debt?

5) Cost of Preferred Stock with Flotation Costs Burnwood Tech plans to issue some $60 par preferred stock with a 6% dividend. A similar stock is selling on the market for $70. Burnwood must pay flotation costs of 5% of the issue price. What is the cost of the preferred stock?

6) Cost of Equity: Dividend Growth Summerdahl Resort's common stock is currently trading at $36 a share. The stock is expected to pay a dividend of $3.00 a share at the end of the year (D1 = $3.00)(D1 = $3.00), and the dividend is expected to grow at a constant rate of 5% a year. What is its cost of common equity?

7) Cost of Equity: CAPM Booher Book Stores has a beta of 0.8. The yield on a 3-month T-bill is 4%, and the yield on a 10-year T-bond is 6%. The market risk premium is 5.5%, and the return on an average stock in the market last year was 15%. What is the estimated cost of common equity using the CAPM?

8) WACC Shi Import-Export's balance sheet shows $300 million in debt, $50 million in preferred stock, and $250 million in total common equity. Shi's tax rate is 40%, rd = 6%rd = 6%, rps = 5.8%rps = 5.8%, and rs = 12%rs = 12%. If Shi has a target capital structure of 30% debt, 5% preferred stock, and 65% common stock, what is its WACC?