Multiple Choice Questions:
1. What is the correct order of steps in testing a hypothesis?
a. statement of null hypothesis, setting level of risk, selection of test statistic
b. statement of null hypothesis, computation of test statistic, selection of test statistic
c. selection of test statistic, comparison of obtained value to critical value, computation of test statistic
d. selection of test statistic, computation of test statistic, statement of null hypothesis
2. What is the statistical test for examining the significant difference between two means from two unrelated groups?
a. t-test for dependent means
b. MANOVA
c. t-test for independent means
d. factor analysis
3. If the two groups you are comparing are related to each other, what test should you use?
a. factor analysis
b. MANOVA
c. t-test for independent means
d. t-test for dependent means
4. When examining whether group differences occur on more than one dependent variable, what should be used?
a. factor analysis
b. MANOVA
c. t-test for independent means
d. t-test for dependent means
5. When examining the significance of the relationship between two variables, what test should you use?
a. t-test for dependent means
b. t-test for independent means
c. t-test for the correlation coefficient
d. analysis of variance
6. If Helen mistakenly accepts her null hypothesis when it should be rejected, what has occurred?
a. Type I error
b. Type II error
c. researcher bias
d. None of the above.
7. How can Type II errors be reduced?
a. decreasing sample size
b. homogeneous population
c. increasing sample size
d. heterogeneous population
8. The level of significance is similar to which of the following?
a. a Type I error
b. a Type II error
c. a bell curve
d. the null hypothesis
9. What does the central limit theorem enable researchers to do?
a. compare means from two independent samples
b. generalize the results from a sample to a population without knowing the exact nature of the population’s distribution
c. compute the significance of a relationship between two variables
d. reduce the possibility that chance accounts for variability in the variable of interest
10. What is the second step in developing an interview?
a. state the purpose of the interview
b. select an appropriate sample
c. develop questions
d. train the interviewers
11. When conducting an interview, what should you be careful NOT to do?
a. begin the interview cold
b. be direct
c. dress appropriately
d. use a tape recorder
12. Which is the weakest correlation?
a. + 0.76
b. + 0.21
c. - 0.01
d. - 0.88
13. What would a correlation of .35 be called?
a. moderate
b. weak
c. very strong
d. very weak
14. If your research does NOT include a treatment or control group, what type of research are you conducting?
a. experimental research
b. causal-comparative research
c. descriptive research
d. quasi-experimental research
15. Which interview question is open-ended?
a. Do you smoke?
b. Are you married?
c. How old are you?
d. How do you feel about tests?
16. What is the third step of developing an interview?
a. selecting a sample
b. developing the questions
c. training the interviewers
d. stating the purpose of the interview
17. Which of the following is NOT an advantage of interviews?
a. You may obtain additional helpful information from the interviewee’s nonverbal be havior or the environment.
b. They are relatively inexpensive as they do not require much time.
c. You can use rapport to help put the interviewee at ease.
d. You can schedule the interviews at times that are convenient to you.
18. What type of research is sometimes called “research without the numbers”?
a. quantitative
b. qualitative
c. experimental
d. correlational
19. Which would NOT be considered a source of information for qualitative research?
a. tests
b. records
c. observation
d. interviews
20. The fifth step in conducting historical research is _______________.
a. evaluating authenticity and accuracy of evidence
b. formulating a hypothesis
c. defining a topic or problem
d. integrating data
21. What is data that is derived from sources at least once removed from the original event?
a. secondary sources
b. global sources
c. primary sources
d. informal sources
22. What is the criteria of authenticity also known as?
a. validity checks
b. external criticism
c. internal criticism
d. accuracy
23. What is another term for accuracy?
a. authenticity
b. secondary
c. internal criticism
d. validity
24. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of participant observation?
a. It is time-consuming.
b. There is a risk of interfering with the natural process.
c. It is a primary method used in historical research.
d. It is a primary method used in ethnography.
25. Which of the following is NOT a qualitative computer research tool?
a. N6
b. SPSS
c. NVivo