"Men and the Frantic Life" reports on a study of 10,000 British workers done by the University College London, published in Prevention magazine. Men who are stressed at work are twice as likely to end up with diabetes than men who aren't. On the other hand, women's risk of diabetes was not related to being stressed at work.19

a. For which gender group was there a large chi-square statistic in testing for a relationship between stress and diabetes?

b. For each gender group, the null hypothesis could be formulated in terms of variables or parameters. Which two of the following are correct formulations of the null hypothesis?

1. There is a relationship between stress and diabetes.

2. There is no relationship between stress and diabetes.

3. The proportions developing diabetes for populations of people who are stressed or not stressed at work are equal.

4. The proportions developing diabetes for populations of people who are stressed or not stressed at work are not equal.