Indicate whether each of the following actions would result in a change in unrestricted, temporarily restricted, or permanently restricted net assets this year.

a. a donor gives the organization a cash contribution to be used for expnading the organization's food pantry program.

b. The organization earns an unrealized gain on its permanent endowment.

c. A donor pledges money to the organization but has not paid it yet. The donor does not indicate how ht emoney is to be used.

d. The organization sells goods from its online bookstore.

e. A donor gives the organization cash and specifies that th emoney is to be used in 4 years.

f. A donor gives 1,000 shares of Apple stock and stipulates the proceeds are not to be spent but held in perpetuity.