Important Points for Shareholders and Creditors

1. In raising capital, the borrowing firm will constantly question the financial securities in form of preference shares, ordinary shares, debentures, bond etc.

2. In case of bondholders and shareholders the agent is the shareholder who must ensure such the debt capital borrowed is effectively operated without decrease in the wealth of the bondholders. Such bondholders are the principal whose wealth is influenced through the number of the bond and the value of bonds held.

3. Wealth of bondholders = Market value of bonds x No. of bonds /debentures held.

4. An agency conflict or problem of interest between the shareholders (agents) and the bondholders (principal) will arise whenever shareholders take action that will decrease the market value of the bond and through extension, the wealth of the bondholders.