The No Child Left Behind Act of 2001 mandates that by year 2014, each public school must achieve 100% proficiency. That is every student must pass a proficiency exam or the school faces serious sanctions. Suppose that students in a particular school are all very competent. For each individual, the probability that they will pass the proficiency exam (independent of thier classmates) is 0.99
A) If there are 500 students in the school, what is the probability that everyone will pass the exam?
B. What is the probability that at least one of the 500 Students will not pass the proficiency exam (and the school will not meet the mandate)?