An ophthalmologist reviews fundus photographs 30 patients wtth macular degeneration both before and 3 month after receiving a laser treatment. To assess the efficacy, of treatment, each patient is rated as improved, remained the same, or declined.
If, 20 patients improved, 7 declined, and 3 remained the same, assess whether or not patients undergoing this treatment are showing significant change from baseline to 3 months afterward. Report a p-value.