Females participated in every event at the 2012 Summer Olympic Games. Prior to 2012, there had been a steady increase in the female participation rate. The International Olympic Committee states that the female participation in the 2004 Summer Olympic Games was 42%, even with new sports such as weight lifting, hammer throw, and modern pentathlon recently added to the Games.

Broadcasting and clothing companies wanted to change their advertising and marketing strategies if the female participation increased at the next games. Prior to the 2008 games, an independent sports expert arranged for a random sample of pre-Olympic exhibitions. The sports expert reported that 202 of 454 athletes in the random sample were women. Is this strong evidence that the participation rate may have increased?