Due to a number of lawsuits related to toxic wastes, major chemical producre has recently experienced a market revaluation. The company has a bond issue outstanding with fifteen years to maturity and a coupon rate of 8 percent, with interest paid semiannually. The required nominal rate on this debt has risen to 16%. Calculate the current value of this bond.
a. $1,273
b. $1,000
c. $7,783
d. $ 550
e. $ 450