1. Which of the following best describes a possible result of treasury stock transactions by a corporation?
a. May increase but not decrease retained earnings.
b. May increase net income if the cost method is used.
c. May decrease but not increase retained earnings.
d. May decrease but not increase net income.

2. Which of the following are temporary differences that are normally classified as expenses or losses that are deductible after they are recognized in financial income?
a. Advance rental receipts.
b. Product warranty liabilities.
c. Depreciable property.
d. Fines and expenses resulting from a violation of law.

3. Which of the following disclosures is required for a change from LIFO to FIFO?
a. The cumulative effect on prior years, net of tax, in the current retained earnings statement
b. The justification for the change
c. Restated prior year income statements
d. All of these are required.

37. In a defined-benefit plan, a formula is used that
a. requires that the benefit of gain or the risk of loss from the assets contributed to the pension plan be borne by the employee.
b. defines the benefits that the employee will receive at the time of retirement.
c. requires that pension expense and the cash funding amount be the same.
d. defines the contribution the employer is to make; no promise is made concerning the ultimate benefits to be paid out to the employees.

38. In January 2007, Castro Corporation, a newly formed company, issued 10,000 shares of its $10 par common stock for $15 per share. On July 1, 2007, Castro Corporation reacquired 1,000 shares of its outstanding stock for $12 per share. The acquisition of these treasury shares
a. decreased total stockholders' equity.
b. increased total stockholders' equity.
c. did not change total stockholders' equity.
d. decreased the number of issued shares.

41. An unrealized holding loss on a company's available-for-sale securities should be reflected in the current financial statements as
a. an extraordinary item shown as a direct reduction from retained earnings.
b. a current loss resulting from holding securities.
c. a note or parenthetical disclosure only.
d. other comprehensive income and deducted in the equity section of the balance sheet.

42. Which of the following best describes a possible result of treasury stock transactions by a corporation?
a. May increase but not decrease retained earnings.
b. May increase net income if the cost method is used.
c. May decrease but not increase retained earnings.
d. May decrease but not increase net income.

43. In a defined-contribution plan, a formula is used that
a. defines the benefits that the employee will receive at the time of retirement.
b. ensures that pension expense and the cash funding amount will be different.
c. requires an employer to contribute a certain sum each period based on the formula.
d. ensures that employers are at risk to make sure funds are available at retirement.

44. Tanner, Inc. incurred a financial and taxable loss for 2007. Tanner therefore decided to use the carryback provisions as it had been profitable up to this year. How should the amounts related to the carryback be reported in the 2007 financial statements?
a. The reduction of the loss should be reported as a prior period adjustment.
b. The refund claimed should be reported as a deferred charge and amortized over five years.
c. The refund claimed should be reported as revenue in the current year.
d. The refund claimed should be shown as a reduction of the loss in 2007.

48. Which of the following is a temporary difference classified as a revenue or gain that is taxable after it is recognized in financial income?
a. Subscriptions received in advance.
b. Prepaid royalty received in advance.
c. An installment sale accounted for on the accrual basis for financial reporting purposes and on the installment (cash) basis for tax purposes.
d. Interest received on a municipal obligation.

50. An unrealized holding gain on a company's available-for-sale securities should be reflected in the current financial statements as
a. an extraordinary item shown as a direct increase to retained earnings.
b. a current gain resulting from holding securities.
c. a note or parenthetical disclosure only.
d. other comprehensive income and included in the equity section of the balance sheet.