Catastrophic injuries and illnesses account for two-thirds of total health care costs in the country of Gnut. The Gnuti government is deciding between two different universal health insurance programs:

program X would pay for two-thirds of any health care expense that a Gnuti citizen incurred, while program Y would pay only for catastrophic illnesses and injuries but would cover 100% of those costs.

Which program is likely to better allow Gnuti citizens to smooth consumption? Which program is likely to cost the Gnuti government less? Explain answers.