Are you lucky? Parapsychologists define ‘‘lucky'' people as individuals who report that seemingly chance events consistently tend to work out in their favor. A team of British psychologists designed a study to examine the effects of luckiness and competition on performance in a guessing task (The Journal of Parapsychology, March 1997).
Each in a sample of 56 college students was classified as lucky, unlucky, or uncertain based on their responses to a Luckiness Questionnaire. In addition, the participants were randomly assigned to either a competitive or noncompetitive condition. All students were then asked to guess the outcomes of 50 flips of a coin. The response variable measured was percentage of coin-flips correctly guessed.
(a) An ANOVA for a 2 × 3 factorial design was conducted on the data. Identify the factors and their levels for this design.
(b) The results of the ANOVA are summarized in the next table. Fully interpret the results.
