Problem: Functional foods are those containing nutritional supplements in addition to natural nutrients. Examples include orange juice with calcium and eggs with omega-3. Kolodinsky, et al (2008) examined attitudes toward functional foods for college students. For American students, the results indicated that females had a more positive attitude toward functional foods and were more likely to purchase them compared to males. In a similar study, a researcher asked students to rate their general attitude toward functional foods on a 7-point scale (higher score is more positive). The results are as follows: Females n=8 M=4.69 SS= 1.60 Males n=12 M=4.43 SS=2.72

Required:

a. Do the data indicate a significant difference in attitude for males and females? Use a two-tailed test with .05.

b. Compute r2, the amount of variance accounted for by the gender difference to measure effect size.

c. Write a sentence demonstrating how the results of the hypothesis test and the measure of effect size would appear in a research report.

d. Write the null and alternative hypothesis. (Please solve a-d demonstrating the steps to the answer in the simplest form)