1. All possible samples of size n are selected from a population and the mean of each sample is determined. What is the mean of the sample means?

a. exactly the same as the population mean
b. larger than the population mean
c. smaller than the population mean
d. cannot be estimated in advance
e. none of the above

2. Manufacturers were subdivided into groups by volume of sales. Those with more than $100 million in sales were classified as Class A large; those from $50 to $100 million as Class A medium size; and those between $25 and $50 million... and so on. Samples were then selected from each of these groups. What is this type of sampling called?

a. simple random
b. stratified random
c. panel
d. convenience
e. none of the above

3. A state-wide sample survey is to be made. First, the state is subdivided into counties. Seven counties are selected at random and further sampling is concentrated on these seven counties. What type of sampling is this?

a. simple random
b. non-proportional
c. cluster
d. stratified
e. none of the above

4. The mean of all possible sample means is equal to the

a. Population variance
b. σ2/n
c. sample variance
d. population mean
e. none of the above

5. The variability of a population, as measured by the standard deviation, is the

a. Extent to which the individual values of the items in the population are
b. spread about the mean Degree of asymmetry of a distribution
c. Tendency of the means of large samples (at least 30 items) to be normally
d. distributed Measure of the closeness of a sample estimate to a corresponding population characteristic

6. Simple random sample requires that

a. The population be unbiased
b. Every item in the population has an equal chance of being selected
c. The distribution or original data is approximately normal
d. The expected deviation rate below (less than 5%)

7. A researcher wishes to sample 200 sales receipts from a population of 5,000 receipts issued during the last year. The receipts have pre-printed serial numbers and are arranged in chronological (and the serial number) order. The auditor randomly chooses a receipt from the first 25 receipts and then selects every 25th receipt thereafter. The sampling procedure described here is called:

a. Systematic random sampling
b. Dollar unit sampling
c. Judgment interval sampling
d. Variables sampling

8. Which of the following is not a criterion for a good stratified random sampling plan?

a. Every item must belong to one and only one stratum
b. The original population of items must be normally distributed
c. An identifiable means of subdividing a heterogeneous population into groups with more homogeneous characteristics must be available
d. The number of items in each group must be known or determinable

9. The key feature of probability sampling is:

a. Selection of very large samples
b. Elimination of sampling error
c. Random selection
d. Reduction of bias in the sampling frame

10. Parameter is to _________ as statistic is to ____________.

a. Measurement; sampling
b. Population; sample
c. Mean; standard error
d. Standard error; mean