1. Colleges conduct student evaluations of instruction to determine if there are patterns of either excellence or the lack thereof by their instructors. These can have a large impact on tenure and promotion decisions at many institutions. One particular instructor had ratings in 3 courses in one semester as given by the table below (5 is agree strongly to 1 is disagree strongly) for the statement "The instructor is an excellent teacher."

The P-value for the χ2 test is
A. more than 0.10.
B. between 0.05 and 0.10.
C. less than 0.05.

2. Colleges conduct student evaluations of instruction to determine if there are patterns of either excellence or the lack thereof by their instructors. These can have a large impact on tenure and promotion decisions at many institutions. One particular instructor had ratings in 3 courses in one semester as given by the table below (5 is agree strongly to 1 is disagree strongly) for the statement "The instructor is an excellent teacher."

In a test of no association between these variables, we are really studying a model of
A. independence.
B. comparing several populations.
C. Neither choice is correct.

3. We are interested in comparing the proportions of males and females who think earning a large salary is very important to them. I surveyed 200 of each gender and recorded their answers to the question as "yes" or "no." If I analyze the data with both a z test for two proportions and a χ2 test of no association, the P-value for the z test
A. will be less than for the χ2 test.
B. will be the same as for the χ2 test.
C. will be more than for the χ2 test.