1. Which case allowed inmates to sue state officials for brutality, inadequate medical care and nutrition, theft of personal property and the denial of basic rights:
A) a. Cooper v. Pate

B) b. Terry v. Ohio

C) c. Carroll v US

D) d. Gregg v GA

2. In Boumediene v. Bush, the Court ruled the detainees at Guantanamo Bay are entitled to:
A) a. a lawyer.

B) b. challenge the conditions of their confinement.

C) c. one hour of exercise a day.

D) d. file writs of habeas corpus.

3. According to the Supreme Court, the term "totality of conditions" may be legally interpreted as:
A) a. cruel and unusual punishment.

B) b. unfair

C) c. unreasonable.

D) d. irrational.

4. The right to be free from cruel and unusual punishment is found in which Amendment?
A) a. First

B) b. Fourth

C) c. Eighth

D) d. Fourteenth

5. Experts usually cite _________ as reasons wrongful convictions occur.
A) a. plea-bargaining pressures

B) b. community pressure

C) c. eyewitness error

D) d. all of these

6. Probationary sentences emphasize guidance and ______________ in the community.
A) a. employment

B) b. educational attainment

C) c. supervision

D) d. family connectivity

7. In the Booker decision, the justices said that sentencing guidelines are:
A) a. mandatory.

B) b. discretionary.

C) c. ridiculous.

D) d. binding.

8. Restorative justice sees crime as a violation against which of the following?
A) a. Victim and community

B) b. Offender and the state

C) c. Law and justice

D) d. Fairness and equity

9. Which of the following is an argument for a centralized probation authority?
A) a. Decentralized programs are often unprofessional and lag behind the times

B) b. It is able to train staff for a variety of roles

C) c. It is able to implement broader program with greater equality in supervision and services

D) d. All of these.

10. Which of the following was not an innovation initially developed by John Augustus?
A) a. Probation

B) b. Supervision conditions

C) c. Home detention

D) d. Presentence investigation