1. The San Luis Obispo Tribune (May 7, 2002) reported that "a new analysis has found that in the majority of trials conducted by drug companies in recent decades, sugar pills have done as well as-or better than-antidepressants." What effect is being described here? What does this imply about the design of experiments with a goal of evaluating the effectiveness of a new medication?

2. Sometimes samples are composed entirely of volunteer responders. Give a brief description of the dangers of using voluntary response samples.