1. The idea that an organization”s hierarchy should be designed with as few levels of authority as are necessary to use the organization”s resources in an efficient and effective manner falls under which of the following principle?

A) centralization

B) span of control

C) the unity of command

D) decentralization

E) minimum chain of command

2) “left-field” ideas only work in very small thinly capitalized companies. This is because managers in these smaller companies are forced to take risks associated with “left-field” ideas in order to compete with much larger companies.

True or false

3) it has been proven that leaders who encourage diversity of perspectives with a single industrial organization will actually constrain creativity.

True or false