1. Most sages of the Axial Age took which of the following views of human nature?

A. It's essentially bad.

B. It's neither good nor bad.

C. It's essentially good.

D. It's pre-determined.

2. Which of the following combinations of food did the Polynesians introduce to the islands they colonized?

A. Sugar cane, chickens, and kava

B. Pigs, taro, and coconuts

C. Sugar cane, pigs, and breadfruit

D. Bananas, breadfruit, and cattle

3. With the adoption of Christianity by Constantine, the emperor

A. stopped using images of pagan gods.

B. ended pagan rituals and ceremonies.

C. was no longer worshipped as a god.

D. was called God's deputy on Earth.

4. How did Alfred the Great secure his modern reputation as a state-builder?

A. He was lavishly generous to monks.

B. He forced people to live in militarized colonies.

C. He gave free land and tax breaks to peasants.

D. He encouraged trade through tax incentives to merchants and businessmen.

5. In forming his government, Asoka recruited what group to serve as bureaucrats?

A. The rising merchant class

B. Traditional Brahman elites

C. The military elite

D. The Buddhist clergy

6. Which of the following empires rose to have tremendous influence despite having poor resources, a non-strategic location, no precious metals, and poor soil?

A. Persian

B. Hittite

C. Chinese

D. Roman

7. After its conquest by Alexander the Great, the government of the Persian Empire

A. was transformed into a democratic monarchy.

B. was ruled by a traditional Macedonian monarchy.

C. became a democracy.

D. was maintained more or less intact.

8. Which ruler's conversion to Christianity ensured this religion would be adopted by eastern Slavs and Russians?

A. Mieszko

B. Altigin

C. Constantine

D. Vladimir

9. What perennial problem did China share with Rome?

A. An inability to get foreigners to accept their culture

B. A lack of educated people to serve in government

C. Reliance on a primarily agricultural economy

D. An insecure method of succession for leaders

10. What strategy did Buddhist and Christian missionaries employ to spread their faith that Muslims didn't?

A. Conversion of kings and other elite figures

B. Use of artifacts

C. Conversion of merchants

D. Forceful conversion of others

11. What major problem did the Roman Empire face in the mid to late Fourth Century?

A. Weak leadership

B. Lack of education within the empire

C. Immigration and invasion

D. Poor infrastructure

12. What title was given to the supreme Islamic authority, the successor of the prophet?

A. Shia

B. Caliph

C. Sharia

D. Sunni

13. A staple food transplanted from Southeast Asia to the Mediterranean world as a result of the Islamic Empire was

A. rice.

B. yams.

C. potatoes.

D. wheat.

14. The Emperor Charlemagne spread Christianity among the Saxons by

A. by way of exemplary faith that set an example.

B. giving pagans a choice of conversion or death.

C. excluding pagans from trade and commerce.

D. imposing taxes on those who didn't convert.

15. The division between Shia and Sunni Muslims originally arose over

A. how Christians and Jews should be treated.

B. an understanding of the nature of Allah.

C. who could be a caliph.

D. how one should pray.

16. Legalism was the dominant political philosophy in China during the reign of

A. Yamatai.

B. Liu Bang.

C. Xiongnu.

D. Han Wudi.

17. Which of the following did the Mayans consider to be worthy of recording?

A. Trade records

B. The laws of their society

C. Ceremonial rituals

D. Information about everyday life

18. Women were able to own property and hold paying jobs in which empire?

A. Persia

B. Asoka's India

C. Rome

D. Greece

19. In the sixth century, kingdoms in India were

A. adopting Islam as their official religion.

B. undergoing successive waves of conversions to Christianity, Buddhism, and Islam.

C. adopting Buddhism as their official religion.

D. developing traditions that would become Hinduism.

20. On what basis were the Khmer people able to coalesce into a single large kingdom?

A. Development of its pottery industry

B. Wealth from its trading fleet

C. Exploiting the flooding of the Mekong River

D. Wealth from mining and timber