1. Identify 3 different research variables that might be investigated for each of the following populations.

a. All adults living in Colorado

b. All patients of a certain

c. All farms in Oklahoma

d. All veterans' hospitals

2. For two years Francis Galton explored unmapped areas of South Africa. Thereafter, he tried to explore unmapped areas of science. In both Africa and science, however, he made some wrong turns. One of them was in the sampling procedure he used in his study of the inheritance of genius. To simplify his study, he evaluated the number and quality of academic, artistic, musical, and other worthy "abilities" a notable person displayed in his life, and the variable of interest was the man's score on the scale Galton used (see Exercise 2.3.5). He would then examine the life of that man's father and score his abilities in the same fashion. After gathering data on a number of son-and-father pairs, he wanted to see if sons with high scores had fathers with high scores.

a. To obtain data, Galton used information from obituaries.

i. What is the target population, the population about which Galton wanted to make inference?

ii. Tell why his data selection process meets the definition of a sample. Since it is a sample, why is it of questionable use for making reliable inference?

iii. Give some ways in which his process could lead to biased results.

b. How would you have sampled the target population and what variable of interest would you have used?