1. GENDER Was life better for women during the Middle Ages than in past ages? What major events had an impact on their daily life? What role did magic play in the Middle Ages and how did it affect women? How were older women treated? Was there a class difference?

2. PERSECUTION The Middle Ages saw a rise in Anti-Jewish sentiment and persecution. Why was life difficult for Jews during the Middle Ages in Europe? Which factors contributed to their persecution? Give examples of how they were persecuted.

3. RELIGION When the Protestant Reformation occurred, it had a large effect on western civilization. How did the Protestant Reformation change life for people in Europe? Keep in mind class, gender, and religion when answering this question.

4. RELIGION Martin Luther was not the only person to take issue with the orthodoxy of the Catholic Church. How were Calvinism and Anglicanism different than the Lutheran branch of Protestantism? Why did these groups form? What is different from Lutheranism? Explain what these religions are and why they are significant in your answer.

5. ECONOMY The discovery of the New World opened up both the Old and New Worlds to new trade opportunities. How did the discovery of the Americas affect Europe? What was the Columbian Exchange.