1. Data were collected in 30 urban areas on the percentage of women in the workforce. Data were collected in 2010 and again in 2014. Increases, or decreases, in this percentage were the measurement upon which the study’s conclusions were to be based. What kind of design is this?      

I. A two-related-samples design.

II. An observational study.

III. An experiment that uses a static group design.

A) I only    

B) II only   

C) III only   

D) I and III only   

E) I and II only

2. Allocating common fixed expenses to business segments:

a. helps managers make good decisions.

b. ensures that all costs are covered.

c. may cause managers to erroneously discontinue business segments.

d. may cause managers to erroneously keep business segments that should be dropped.