1. A stock produced annual returns of 8%, -12%, 6%, 1%, and 19% over the last five years, respectively. What is the variance of these returns?

2. A stock produced annual returns of 20%, -12%, 16%, and 2% over the last four years, respectively. What is the standard deviation?

3. Maria purchased a stock for $42.67 a share and sold it one year later for $43.89 a share. She also received a dividend of $1.20 per share. What was her capital gains yield?

4. For a 5-year period, a stock had annual returns of 6.4%, -11.2%, 0.3%, 19.8%, and 13.4%. What is the geometric average return?