1. A psychologist is interested in knowing whether adults who were bullied as children differ from the general population in terms of their empathy for others. On a questionnaire designed to measure empathy, the mean score for the general population is 30.6. Random sampling of 25 scores obtained from individuals who were bullied yielded a mean of 39.5 and a standard deviation of 6.6.
Test at the .05 level of significance.
Set up the criteria for making a decision. That is, find the critical value using an
Alpha = .05. (Make sure you are sign specific: + ; - ; or ± ) (Use your tables)

2. A psychologist is interested in knowing whether adults who were bullied as children differ from the general population in terms of their empathy for others. On a questionnaire designed to measure empathy, the mean score for the general population is 30.6. Random sampling of 65 scores obtained from individuals who were bullied yielded a mean of 39.5 and a standard deviation of 6.6.
(Use these numbers only for this question!)
What are the degrees of freedom? (Numeric value only)

3. A psychologist is interested in knowing whether adults who were bullied as children differ from the general population in terms of their empathy for others. On a questionnaire designed to measure empathy, the mean score for the general population is 63.86. Random sampling of 62 scores obtained from individuals who were bullied yielded a mean of 82.16 and a standard deviation of 20.92.
(Use these numbers only for this question!)
What is the z-value or t-value you obtained (your test statistic)?
(Numeric value only, including negative sign if required)

4. A psychologist is interested in knowing whether adults who were bullied as children differ from the general population in terms of their empathy for others. On a questionnaire designed to measure empathy, the mean score for the general population is 30.6. Random sampling of 25 scores obtained from individuals who were bullied yielded a mean of 39.5 and a standard deviation of 6.6.
Test at the .05 level of significance.
The value of your calculated (obtained) test statistic is 6.74. What is your decision?

reject the null hypothesis

fail to reject the null hypothesis

reject the alternative hypothesis

5. A psychologist is interested in knowing whether adults who were bullied as children differ from the general population in terms of their empathy for others. On a questionnaire designed to measure empathy, the mean score for the general population is 84.96. Random sampling of 76 scores obtained from individuals who were bullied yielded a mean of 97.3 and a standard deviation of 22.87. (Use these numbers only for this question!)
Calculate the 99% confidence interval.
Steps:
The mean you will use for this calculation is?

6. A psychologist is interested in knowing whether adults who were bullied as children differ from the general population in terms of their empathy for others. On a questionnaire designed to measure empathy, the mean score for the general population is 30.6. Random sampling of 25 scores obtained from individuals who were bullied yielded a mean of 39.5 and a standard deviation of 6.6.
Calculate the 99% confidence interval.
Steps:
What is the new critical value you will use for this calculation?

±1.645

±2.064

±2.756

±2.797

6.74

7. A psychologist is interested in knowing whether adults who were bullied as children differ from the general population in terms of their empathy for others. On a questionnaire designed to measure empathy, the mean score for the general population is 51.06. Random sampling of 25 scores obtained from individuals who were bullied yielded a mean of 73.33 and a standard deviation of 14.63. (Use these numbers only for this question!)
Calculate the 99% confidence interval.
Steps:
As you know, two values will be required to complete the following equation:

_________ ≤ µ ≤ __________
For this question, what is the value that is below or less than µ?

8. A psychologist is interested in knowing whether adults who were bullied as children differ from the general population in terms of their empathy for others. On a questionnaire designed to measure empathy, the mean score for the general population is 41.08. Random sampling of 25 scores obtained from individuals who were bullied yielded a mean of 85.11 and a standard deviation of 8.25. (Use these numbers only for this question!)
Calculate the 99% confidence interval.
Steps:
As you know, two values will be required to complete the following equation:

_________ ≤ µ ≤ __________
For this question, what is the value that is above or greater than µ?

9. A health care professional wants to determine whether individuals with hypertension who take Atenolol have significantly lower systolic blood pressure than individuals with hypertension who do not take Atenolol. For individuals who have not been prescribed Atenolol, the population systolic blood pressure mean is 165 (µ = 165). The 30 individuals who take Atenolol have an average systolic blood pressure of 147, with a sample standard deviation of 6. On the basis of these data, can the researcher conclude that the Atenolol significantly lowers systolic blood pressure? Set alpha equal to .01.

Set up the criteria for making a decision. That is, find the critical value using an alpha = .01. (Make sure you are sign specific: + ; - ; or +/-) (Use your tables)

+/- 2.457

- 2.462

- 2.750

+/- 2.756

10. A health care professional wants to determine whether individuals with hypertension who take Atenolol have significantly lower systolic blood pressure than individuals with hypertension who do not take Atenolol. For individuals who have not been prescribed Atenolol, the population systolic blood pressure mean is 165 (µ = 165). The 78 individuals who take Atenolol have an average systolic blood pressure of 147, with a sample standard deviation of 8.85. On the basis of these data, can the researcher conclude that the Atenolol significantly lowers systolic blood pressure? (Use these numbers only for this question!)
What is the numeric value of your standard error?

11. A health care professional wants to determine whether individuals with hypertension who take Atenolol have significantly lower systolic blood pressure than individuals with hypertension who do not take Atenolol. For individuals who have not been prescribed Atenolol, the population systolic blood pressure mean is 179 (µ = 179). The 35 individuals who take Atenolol have an average systolic blood pressure of 192, with a sample standard deviation of 18. On the basis of these data, can the researcher conclude that the Atenolol significantly lowers systolic blood pressure? (Use these numbers only for this question!)
What is the z-value or t-value you obtained (your test statistic)? (numeric value only, including negative sign if required)

12. A health care professional wants to determine whether individuals with hypertension who take Atenolol have significantly lower systolic blood pressure than individuals with hypertension who do not take Atenolol. For individuals who have not been prescribed Atenolol, the population systolic blood pressure mean is 165 (µ = 165). The 30 individuals who take Atenolol have an average systolic blood pressure of 147, with a sample standard deviation of 6. On the basis of these data, can the researcher conclude that the Atenolol significantly lowers systolic blood pressure? Set alpha equal to .01.

The value of your calculated (obtained) test statistic is -16.51. What is your decision?

Reject the null hypothesis

Fail to reject the null hypothesis

13. A health care professional wants to determine whether individuals with hypertension who take Atenolol have significantly lower systolic blood pressure than individuals with hypertension who do not take Atenolol. For individuals who have not been prescribed Atenolol, the population systolic blood pressure mean is 165 (µ = 165). The 30 individuals who take Atenolol have an average systolic blood pressure of 111, with a sample standard deviation of 6. On the basis of these data, can the researcher conclude that the Atenolol significantly lowers systolic blood pressure? (Use these data for this question only!)
Calculate the 95% confidence interval
The mean you will use for this calculation is?

14. A health care professional wants to determine whether individuals with hypertension who take Atenolol have significantly lower systolic blood pressure than individuals with hypertension who do not take Atenolol. For individuals who have not been prescribed Atenolol, the population systolic blood pressure mean is 165 (µ = 165). The 30 individuals who take Atenolol have an average systolic blood pressure of 147, with a sample standard deviation of 6. On the basis of these data, can the researcher conclude that the Atenolol significantly lowers systolic blood pressure?
Calculate the 95% confidence interval
What is the new critical value you will use for this calculation?

+/- 1.699

+/- 2.045

+/- 2.457

+/- 2.462

- 2.045

15. A health care professional wants to determine whether individuals with hypertension who take Atenolol have significantly lower systolic blood pressure than individuals with hypertension who do not take Atenolol. For individuals who have not been prescribed Atenolol, the population systolic blood pressure mean is 150 (µ = 150). The 30 individuals who take Atenolol have an average systolic blood pressure of 138, with a sample standard deviation of 14. On the basis of these data, can the researcher conclude that the Atenolol significantly lowers systolic blood pressure? (Use these numbers only for this question!)
Calculate the 95% confidence interval
As you know, two values will be required to complete the following equation:

_________ ≤ µ ≤ __________
For this question, what is the value that is below or less than µ?

16. A health care professional wants to determine whether individuals with hypertension who take Atenolol have significantly lower systolic blood pressure than individuals with hypertension who do not take Atenolol. For individuals who have not been prescribed Atenolol, the population systolic blood pressure mean is 164 (µ = 164). The 30 individuals who take Atenolol have an average systolic blood pressure of 120, with a sample standard deviation of 13. On the basis of these data, can the researcher conclude that the Atenolol significantly lowers systolic blood pressure? (Use these numbers only for this question!)
Calculate the 95% confidence interval
As you know, two values will be required to complete the following equation:

_________ ≤ µ ≤ __________
For this question, what is the value that is above or greater than µ?

17. The average time scheduled for a doctor's visit is 13 minutes with a standard deviation of 13 minutes. A researcher uses a sampling distribution made up of samples of size 369. (Use these numbers for this question only!)
According to the Central Limit Theorem, what is the standard error of the mean?

18. The average time scheduled for a doctor's visit is 41 minutes with a standard deviation of 21 minutes. A researcher uses a sampling distribution made up of samples of size 275. (Use these numbers for this question only!)
According to the Central Limit Theorem, what is the mean of the sampling distribution of means?

19. In a research setting, it is more common to use t-tests than z-tests because

Typically the population mean is unknown.

Typically the population standard deviation is unknown.

They are more accurate since sample size is taken into account when determining critical values.

Typically the sample mean is unknown.

20. What is the basic question that underlies hypothesis testing?

Is the sample representative of the population?

Could the relationship observed in the sample have occurred by chance?

What is the standard score?

Should we reject the null hypothesis?