1. A grocery store carries the following items. There are two main categories of food - conventional and organic ingredients - and four food groups. The data are shown in the following table.

If all of the organic items were accidentally displayed together without a sticker or label to mark their origin, what is the probability that you select an organic fruit into your grocery basket? First compute for yourself the row (i.e., n₁₊, n₂₊), column (i.e., n₊₁, n₊₂, n₊₃, n₊₄), and overall (i.e., n₊₊) totals, to aid in answering the question.

2. A research study examined the blood vitamin D levels of the entire US population of landscape gardeners. The population average level of vitamin D in US landscapers was found to be 53.88 ng/mL with a standard deviation of 4.866 ng/mL. Assuming the true distribution of blood vitamin D levels follows a normal distribution, if you randomly select a landscaper in the US, what is the probability that his/her vitamin D level will be between 48.13 and 60.03 ng/mL?

3. A research study examined the blood vitamin D levels of the entire US population of landscape gardeners. The population average level of vitamin D in US landscapers was found to be 53.04 ng/mL with a standard deviation of 4.308 ng/mL. Assuming the true distribution of blood vitamin D levels follows a normal distribution, what is the upper value of the region for which approximately 99.9% of the data are located within the distribution? Recall the 68-95-99.9% observation discussed in the "Normal Distribution" section of the textbook that is helpful in answering the question.

4. Suppose at random 44% of school children develop nausea and vomiting following holiday parties and that you conduct a study to examine this phenomenon, with a sample size of n=19. What is the probability that 16 or less, or more than 17 children become sick?

5. Suppose at random 35% of school children develop nausea and vomiting following holiday parties and that you conduct a study to examine this phenomenon, with a sample size of n=47. What is the probability that less than 25, or 36 or more children become sick?

6. A grocery store carries the following items. There are two main categories of food - conventional and organic ingredients - and four food groups. The data are shown in the following table.

If all of the items were accidentally displayed together without a sticker or label to mark their origin, what is the probability that you select a conventional grain or fruit in your grocery basket? First compute for yourself the row (i.e., n₁₊, n₂₊), column (i.e., n₊₁, n₊₂, n₊₃, n₊₄), and overall (i.e., n₊₊) totals, to aid in answering the question.

7. A research study examined the blood vitamin D levels of the entire US population of landscape gardeners. The population average level of vitamin D in US landscapers was found to be 37.58 ng/mL with a standard deviation of 5.474 ng/mL. Assuming the true distribution of blood vitamin D levels follows a Gaussian distribution, if you randomly select a landscaper in the US, what is the probability that his/her vitamin D level will be 41.04 ng/mL or less?

8. A grocery store carries the following items. There are two main categories of food - conventional and organic ingredients - and four food groups. The data are shown in the following table.

If all of the grains, fruits, and vegetables were accidentally displayed together without a sticker or label to mark their origin, what is the probability that you select a grain, fruit, or vegetable that is conventional into your grocery basket? First compute for yourself the row (i.e., n₁₊, n₂₊), column (i.e., n₊₁, n₊₂, n₊₃, n₊₄), and overall (i.e., n₊₊) totals, to aid in answering the question.

9. A research study examined the blood vitamin D levels of the entire US population of landscape gardeners. The population average level of vitamin D in US landscapers was found to be 36.15 ng/mL with a standard deviation of 4.737 ng/mL. Assuming the true distribution of blood vitamin D levels follows a Gaussian distribution, if you randomly select a landscaper in the US, what is the probability that his/her vitamin D level will be 49.54 ng/mL or less?

10. 48% of mosquitos caught at random in any given field study carry malaria. If you conduct a study and capture 34 mosquitos, how many mosquitos infected with malaria would you expect to have in your mosquito-catching Mason jar out of all 34 mosquitos buzzing around? Round up to the nearest whole number if your calculation results in a number with decimal point values. For example, 0.2 rounds up to 1 and 74.25 rounds up to 75.

11. A research study examined the blood vitamin D levels of the entire US population of landscape gardeners. The population average level of vitamin D in US landscapers was found to be 37.64 ng/mL with a standard deviation of 5.107 ng/mL. Assuming the true distribution of blood vitamin D levels follows a Gaussian distribution, if you randomly select a landscaper in the US, what is the likelihood that his/her vitamin D level will be 32.74 ng/mL or more?

12. A research study examined the blood vitamin D levels of the entire US population of landscape gardeners. The population average level of vitamin D in US landscapers was found to be 47.07 ng/mL with a standard deviation of 5.162 ng/mL. Assuming the true distribution of blood vitamin D levels follows a Gaussian distribution, what is the 66-th percentile? Recall that the statistic, "percentile", is defined to be the value below which a given percentage of observations are located within the distribution. In other words, for this question find the vitamin D value for which 66% of the observations within the distribution are located to the left of this value.

13. Suppose at random 30% of school children develop nausea and vomiting following holiday parties and that you conduct a study to examine this phenomenon, with a sample size of n=22. What is the probability that between more than 0 and 15 or less children become sick?

14. A research study examined the blood vitamin D levels of the entire US population of landscape gardeners. The population average level of vitamin D in US landscapers was found to be 39.72 ng/mL with a standard deviation of 4.891 ng/mL. Assuming the true distribution of blood vitamin D levels follows a Gaussian distribution, if you randomly select a landscaper in the US, what is the likelihood that his/her vitamin D level will be between 29.29 and 38.24 ng/mL?

15. A research study examined the blood vitamin D levels of the entire US population of landscape gardeners. The population average level of vitamin D in US landscapers was found to be 33.4 ng/mL with a standard deviation of 5.282 ng/mL. Assuming the true distribution of blood vitamin D levels follows a Gaussian distribution, what is the lower value of the region for which approximately 95% of the data are located within the distribution? Recall the 68-95-99.9% observation discussed in the "Normal Distribution" section of the textbook that is helpful in answering the question.

16. A research study examined the blood vitamin D levels of the entire US population of landscape gardeners. The population average level of vitamin D in US landscapers was found to be 32.02 ng/mL with a standard deviation of 5.231 ng/mL. Assuming the true distribution of blood vitamin D levels follows a normal distribution, if you randomly select a landscaper in the US, what is the probability that his/her vitamin D level will be 31.33 ng/mL or more?

17. A grocery store carries the following items. There are two main categories of food - conventional and organic ingredients - and four food groups. The data are shown in the following table.

If all of the items were accidentally displayed together without a sticker or label to mark their origin, what is the probability that you select a fruit, vegetable, or meat in your grocery basket, regardless if it's conventional or organic? First compute for yourself the row (i.e., n₁₊, n₂₊), column (i.e., n₊₁, n₊₂, n₊₃, n₊₄), and overall (i.e., n₊₊) totals, to aid in answering the question.