1. You are moving to a country where malaria is endemic. From past experience you know that you don't feel well when taking anti-malarials and would like to avoid them. You want to know how much more risk you would be incurring by not using them.
a. What type of study would yield the information you need?
2. You are running a clinic providing HIV therapy in a rural area. You want to know what proportion of HIV positive you are serving. If it is greater than 80%, you will conduct outreach.
a. What type of study would yield the information you need?
3. A doctor tells a patient that is he eats healthful food X, he will lower his risk of diabetes by 50%.
a. From what type of study could he have gotten such information?
4. A researcher is hired to investigate possible health effects of a petroleum refinery in Town A. She studies 500 healthy residents from Town A and 700 healthy residents of a nearby town (Town B) with no refinery. After 5 years, 75 residents of Town A and 100 residents of Town B have been diagnosed with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).
a. Set up a 2 by 2 table.
b. Calculate an appropriate measure of association.
c. Interpret the measure of association found in part b.
5. You are going to a country for one year where dengue is endemic. You want to know the likelihood that you will contract the disease.
a. What type of study would provide the information you need?
Extra Credit Question:
A U.S. politician presents results from a study comparing global pollution levels over the past 30 years to average temperature in the U.S. What type of study is this?