1. Why do managers need to understand the needs of their employees?

2. Describe the motivation process.

3. What was the goal of the Hawthorne studies? What was the outcome of those studies?

4. Explain Maslow's hierarchy of needs. What does it tell us about employee motivation?

5. What are Herzberg's hygiene and motivational factors? How can managers use them to motivate workers?

6. Contrast the assumptions of theory X and theory Y. Why has theory Y replaced theory X in management today?

7. What is theory Z? How can businesses apply theory Z to the workplace?

8. Identify and describe the job-design strategies.

9. Name and describe some flexible scheduling strategies. How can flexible schedules help motivate workers?

10. Why are motivational strategies important to both employees and employers?