Project requirements: Refer to Table and answer the following questions for EACH organism listed above. Word requirements are outlined for each question - this represents a minimum number of words required. For each question answer in full and complete sentences, and provide both examples and scientific evidence to support your answer. Be sure to include a well-developed introduction and conclusion in your paper.
Be sure to include all references in APA format.
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Organism
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Strategy to avoid host immune system
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Common disease
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Trypanosoma cruzi
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Changes surface antigens to avoid immune system detection
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American trypanosomiasis
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Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)
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Virus infects and hides in macrophages and CD4 T-cells.
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Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)
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Streptococcus pneumoniae
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Produce M proteins to inhibit phagocytes from attaching
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Pneumonia
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Table
Questions:
1. Give a brief overview of the disease including signs and symptoms. Who is typically affected by this infection?(Children? Immunocompromised patients?)? What is the pathogens' portal of entry and exit?
2. How would the innate immune system react to this pathogen? Which components would react?
3. Would this pathogen primarily stimulate cell-mediated immunity or antibody-mediated immunity (T cells or B cells?) Why?
4. All of the organisms listed above have the ability to evade the host immune system, at least temporarily. Review Table 1.1 for the pathogens' strategies used to avoid the host's immune system. Why is this particular strategy helpful to the pathogen? How would this impact the pathogens' ability to cause infection? How would the immune system compensate?